Fallacies, Chapter 10

Summary:

This chapter highlights 20 different types of fallacies, which are manipulative statements in arguments to make them seem soundly reasoned. Identifying fallacies helps us learn more about the rules for good reasoning, to avoid using them ourselves, and to not be influenced by arguments that contain them. They can manipulate through language, using word ambiguity, misleading euphemism, or prejudicial language. The use of word ambiguity leaving a key word undefined so that the reader is left to assume the meaning of it, not fully understanding the point. Misleading euphemism is creating a word that make a less acceptable idea seem unrecognizable. Prejudicial language works with strong biased words. Manipulation of emotions is another type of fallacy, working with fear, pity, false authority, bandwagon, and prejudice to persuade ones feelings in a certain direction. Another form of fallacies is the manipulation through distraction such as red herring, diverting attention to other issues; pointing to another wrong; and straw man.

Reflection:

It was interesting to learn about fallacies. It was something I have never paid any attention to before now. It is interesting how much we can be influenced by a statement or manipulated through our emotions. I think I am more manipulated through distraction... it is easier to distract me and divert my attention elsewhere then to alter my emotions towards something. I am not easily influenced for the fact that I know everyone has their own opinions which can be different or similar to my own. It is funny to see how this really applies to everyday life and makes me realize how much we all do it. I will definitely play closer attention to this now when I am faced with it in real life!